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医疗技术的边际成本效果：面板工具变量方法AI 解读

We use panel instrumental variables techniques to estimate incremental mortality and cost effects of intensive procedures for treating heart attacks among the elderly. We identify incremental effects by comparing trends in procedure use, hospital costs, and mortality between hospitals that adopted intensive technologies to corresponding trends at nonadopting hospitals. We formalize the identification assumptions required for ‘difference-in-differences’ estimation and present…

样本选择模型与多部模型之间的选择AI 解读

Hay and Olsen (1984) incorrectly argue that a multi-part model, the two-part model used in Duan et al. (1982,1983), is nested within the sample-selection model. Their proof relies on an unmentioned restrictive assumption that cannot be satisfied. We provide a counterexample to show that the propensity to use medical care and the level of expense can be positively associated in the two-part model, contrary to their assertion. The conditional specification in the multi-part…

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