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二元选择模型的经验内容AI 解读

An important goal of empirical demand analysis is choice and welfare prediction on counterfactual budget sets arising from potential policy interventions. Such predictions are more credible when made without arbitrary functional‐form/distributional assumptions, and instead based solely on economic rationality, that is, that choice is consistent with utility maximization by a heterogeneous population. This paper investigates nonparametric economic rationality in the…

收入区间数据下离散选择的应用福利分析AI 解读

This paper concerns empirical measurement of Hicksian consumer welfare under interval-reported income. Bhattacharya (2015, 2018a) has shown that for discrete choice, welfare distributions resulting from a hypothetical price-change can be expressed as closed-form transformations of choice probabilities. However, when income is interval-reported, as is the case in many surveys, the choice probabilities, and hence welfare distributions are not point-identified. We derive bounds…

离散选择的实证福利分析：若干一般结果AI 解读

This paper develops nonparametric methods for welfare‐analysis of economic changes in the common setting of multinomial choice. The results cover (a) simultaneous price‐change of multiple alternatives, (b) introduction/elimination of an option, (c) changes in choice‐characteristics, and (d) choice among nonexclusive alternatives. In these cases, Marshallian consumer surplus becomes path‐dependent, but Hicksian welfare remains well‐defined. We demonstrate that under…

离散选择的非参数福利分析AI 解读

We consider empirical measurement of equivalent/compensating variation resulting from price-change of a discrete good using individual-level data, when there is unobserved heterogeneity in preferences.We show that for binary and unordered multinomial choice, the marginal distributions of EV/CV can be expressed as simple closed-form functionals of conditional choice-probabilities under essentially unrestricted preference-distributions.These results hold even when the…

洛伦兹占优的一致非参数检验AI 解读

This article proposes consistent nonparametric methods for testing the null hypothesis of Lorenz dominance. The methods are based on a class of statistical functionals defined over the difference between the Lorenz curves for two samples of welfare-related variables. We present two specific test statistics belonging to the general class and derive their asymptotic properties. As the limiting distributions of the test statistics are nonstandard, we propose and justify…

利用数据组合评估处理分配规则AI 解读

In real life, individuals are often assigned to binary treatments according to existing treatment protocols. Such protocols, when designed with “taste-based” motives, would be productively inefficient in that the expected returns to treatment for a marginal treatment recipient would vary across covariates and be larger for discriminated groups. This cannot be directly tested if assignment is based on more covariates than the researcher observes, because then the marginal…

预算约束下福利最大化处理分配的推断AI 解读

This paper concerns the problem of allocating a binary treatment among a target population based on observed covariates. The goal is to (i) maximize the mean social welfare arising from an eventual outcome distribution, when a budget constraint limits what fraction of the population can be treated and (ii) to infer the dual value, i.e. the minimum resources needed to attain a specific level of mean welfare via efficient treatment assignment. We consider a treatment…

美国黑人与白人代际收入流动差异的非参数分析AI 解读

Lower intergenerational income mobility for blacks is a likely cause behind the persistent interracial gap in economic status in the United States.However, few studies have analyzed black-white differences in intergenerational income mobility and the factors that determine these differences.This is largely due to the absence of appropriate methodological tools.We develop nonparametric methods to estimate the effects of covariates on two measures of mobility.We first consider…

从实验数据推断最优同伴分配AI 解读

This article studies the problem of optimally dividing individuals into peer groups to maximize social gains from heterogeneous peer effects. The specific setting analyzed here concerns efficient ways of allocating roommates in college dormitories. Using confidential data on a sample of Dartmouth College freshmen who were randomly assigned to be roommates, the article derives efficient roommate pairing rules, based on demographic and academic background, which maximize…

不可观测因素引致样本流失时的面板模型推断AI 解读

This paper concerns identification and estimation of a finite-dimensional parameter in a panel data-model under nonignorable sample attrition. Attrition can depend on second period variables which are unobserved for the attritors but an independent refreshment sample from the marginal distribution of the second period values is available. This paper shows that under a quasi-separability assumption, the model implies a set of conditional moment restrictions where the moments…

单调指数模型的排序估计量AI 解读

This paper shows that the finite-dimensional parameters of a monotone-index model can be estimated by minimizing an objective function based on sorting the data. The key observation guiding this procedure is that the sum of distances between pairs of adjacent observations is minimized (over all possible permutations) when the observations are sorted by their values. The resulting estimator is a generalization of Cavanagh and Sherman's monotone rank estimator (MRE) (Cavanagh…

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