Randomisation inference beyond the sharp null: bounded null hypotheses and quantiles of individual treatment effects
超越尖锐零假设的随机化推断：有界零假设与个体处理效应分位数
Abstract Randomisation inference (RI) is typically interpreted as testing Fisher’s ‘sharp’ null hypothesis that all unit-level effects are exactly zero. This hypothesis is often criticised as restrictive and implausible, making its rejection scientifically uninteresting. We show, however, that many randomisation tests are also valid for a ‘bounded’ null hypothesis under which the unit-level effects are all non-positive (or all non-negative) but are otherwise heterogeneous.…